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| Registros recuperados: 55 | |
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| Doddridge, Edward W.; Meneghello, Gianluca; Marshall, John; Scott, Jon; Lique, Camille. |
| The Beaufort Gyre (BG) is a large anticyclonic circulation in the Arctic Ocean. Its strength is directly related to the halocline depth, and therefore also to the storage of freshwater. It has recently been proposed that the equilibrium state of the BG is set by the Ice‐Ocean Governor, a negative feedback between surface currents and ice‐ocean stress, rather than a balance between lateral mesoscale eddy fluxes and surface Ekman pumping. However, mesoscale eddies are present in the Arctic Ocean; it is therefore important to extend the Ice‐Ocean Governor theory to include lateral fluxes due to mesoscale eddies. Here, a non‐linear ordinary differential equation is derived that represents the effects of wind stress, the Ice‐Ocean Governor, and eddy fluxes.... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Beaufort Gyre; Ice-Ocean Governor; Mesoscale eddies; Arctic; Sea ice. |
| Ano: 2019 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00487/59844/62994.pdf |
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| Iverson, Samuel A; Department of Biology, Simon Fraser University; Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment and Climate Change Canada; samuel.iverson@canada.ca; Forbes, Mark R.; Department of Biology, Carleton University; mark_forbes@carleton.ca; Simard, Manon; Nunavik Research Centre, Makivik Corporation, Kuujjuaq; manonsimard@eeyoumarineregion.ca; Soos, Catherine; Science and Technology Branch, Environment and Climate Change Canada; Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Saskatchewan; catherine.soos@canada.ca; Gilchrist, H. Grant; National Wildlife Research Centre, Environment and Climate Change Canada; grant.gilchrist@canada.ca. |
| Emerging infectious diseases are a growing concern in wildlife conservation. Documenting outbreak patterns and determining the ecological drivers of transmission risk are fundamental to predicting disease spread and assessing potential impacts on population viability. However, evaluating disease in wildlife populations requires expansive surveillance networks that often do not exist in remote and developing areas. Here, we describe the results of a community-based research initiative conducted in collaboration with indigenous harvesters, the Inuit, in response to a new series of Avian Cholera outbreaks affecting Common Eiders (Somateria mollissima) and other comingling species in the Canadian Arctic. Avian Cholera is a virulent disease of birds caused by... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Arctic; Avian Cholera; Common Eider; Conservation; Emerging infectious disease; Inuit; Maxent; Participatory surveillance; Species-habitat model. |
| Ano: 2016 |
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| Gilchrist, Grant; ; grant.gilchrist@ec.gc.ca; Mallory, Mark; ; mark.mallory@ec.gc.ca; Merkel, Flemming; ;. |
| Sound management of wildlife species, particularly those that are harvested, requires extensive information on their natural history and demography. For many global wildlife populations, however, insufficient scientific information exists, and alternative data sources may need to be considered in management decisions. In some circumstances, local ecological knowledge (LEK) can serve as a useful, complementary data source, and may be particularly valuable when managing wildlife populations that occur in remote locations inhabited by indigenous peoples. Although several published papers discuss the general benefits of LEK, few attempt to examine the reliability of information generated through this approach. We review four case studies of marine birds in... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Arctic; Inuit; LEK; Local ecological knowledge; Marine birds; Population declines; TEK; Traditional ecological knowledge. |
| Ano: 2005 |
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| Ardhuin, Fanny; Ezraty, Robert. |
| Satellites enable daily and global coverage of the polar oceans and provide a unique monitoring capability of sea ice dynamics. Sea ice drift maps can be estimated in Arctic from several satellite sensors, particularly from scatterometers and radiometers. This study presents the benefits of combining single drift fields at the same resolution into a "merged" field, built at three-and six-day lags during winters with a 62.5-km resolution. It is shown that combining these drift fields not only increases the reliability of the displacement estimation and the number of estimated vectors to almost a full ice covered area but also expands the time period over which these estimations are reliable from freeze until the melt onset. The autumn-winter-spring sea ice... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Arctic; Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT); Drift; Merging; Scatterometry; Sea ice. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00088/19895/17729.pdf |
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| Giraldo, Carolina; Stasko, Ashley; Walkusz, Wojciech; Majewski, Andrew; Rosenberg, Bruno; Power, Michael; Swanson, Heidi; Reist, James D.. |
| Trophic patterns for Greenland Halibut are reported for the first time in the Canadian Beaufort Sea and Amundsen Gulf (n = 269). Samples were collected from 2012 to 2014 on the upper (300–500 m) and lower continental slope (750–1500 m) and were analyzed for stomach contents, stable isotopes ratios and fatty acids (FA). Stomach contents indicated that Arctic Cod, Boreogadus saida, was the main prey ingested on the upper slope (50–94% of total biomass) whereas Gelatinous Snailfish (Liparis fabricii) and Zoarcids (Lycodes spp.) dominated diets on the lower slope (17–62% of total biomass). Stable isotope mixing models and FA analyses also identified benthopelagic fishes (i.e., Liparis spp., B. saida) as key prey and highlighted large dietary overlap among... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Benthic-pelagic coupling; Trophic niche; Biomarkers; Arctic. |
| Ano: 2018 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00435/54611/55992.pdf |
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| Carmack, E. C.; Yamamoto-kawai, M.; Haine, T. W. N.; Bacon, S.; Bluhm, B. A.; Lique, Camille; Melling, H.; Polyakov, I. V.; Straneo, F.; Timmermans, M. -l.; Williams, W. J.. |
| The Arctic Ocean is a fundamental node in the global hydrological cycle and the ocean's thermohaline circulation. We here assess the system's key functions and processes: 1) the delivery of fresh and low salinity waters to the Arctic Ocean by river inflow, net precipitation, distillation during the freeze/thaw cycle and Pacific Ocean inflows; 2) the disposition (e.g. sources, pathways and storage) of freshwater components within the Arctic Ocean; and 3) the release and export of freshwater components into the bordering convective domains of the North Atlantic. We then examine physical, chemical or biological processes which are influenced or constrained by the local quantities and geochemical qualities of fresh water; these include: stratification and... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Arctic; Oceans; Circulation; Freshwater; Carbon cycle; Acidification. |
| Ano: 2016 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00313/42460/41831.pdf |
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| Yool, A.; Popova, E. E.; Coward, A. C.. |
| One of the most characteristic features in ocean productivity is the North Atlantic spring bloom. Responding to seasonal increases in irradiance and stratification, surface phytopopulations rise significantly, a pattern that visibly tracks poleward into summer. While blooms also occur in the Arctic Ocean, they are constrained by the sea-ice and strong vertical stratification that characterize this region. However, Arctic sea-ice is currently declining, and forecasts suggest this may lead to completely ice-free summers by the mid-21st century. Such change may open the Arctic up to Atlantic-style spring blooms, and do so at the same time as Atlantic productivity is threatened by climate change-driven ocean stratification. Here we use low and high-resolution... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Marine; Ocean; Biogeochemistry; Arctic; Atlantic; Future. |
| Ano: 2015 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00332/44367/43972.pdf |
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| Moore, Jean-sebastien; Harris, Les N.; Le Luyer, Jeremy; Sutherland, Ben J. G.; Rougemont, Quentin; Tallman, Ross F.; Fisk, Aaron T.; Bernatchez, Louis. |
| Migration is a ubiquitous life history trait with profound evolutionary and ecological consequences. Recent developments in telemetry and genomics, when combined, can bring significant insights on the migratory ecology of non-model organisms in the wild. Here, we used this integrative approach to document dispersal, gene flow and potential for local adaptation in anadromous Arctic Char from six rivers in the Canadian Arctic. Acoustic telemetry data from 124 tracked individuals indicated asymmetric dispersal, with a large proportion of fish (72%) tagged in three different rivers migrating up the same short river in the fall. Population genomics data from 6,136 SNP markers revealed weak, albeit significant, population differentiation (average pairwise FST =... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Arctic; Conservation; Fish migration; Fishery management; Genotyping by sequencing; Population genomics; RADseq. |
| Ano: 2017 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00409/52049/52719.pdf |
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| Girard, Fanny; Sarrazin, Jozee; Olu, Karine. |
| Cold seeps are widespread in the deep sea and, like other chemosynthesis-based ecosystems, often host high faunal biomass. Temporal changes at seeps have been inferred by comparing communities at different successional stages; nonetheless, temporal studies in seep ecosystems are rare. Using data collected as part of a benthic observatory, we characterized intra-annual microbial and faunal dynamics in a microbial mat habitat on the Håkon Mosby mud volcano (1256 m depth; Barents Sea), and evaluated the effects of a mud eruption on the biota. Video sequences recorded twice daily for 4.5 months with an autonomous imaging module were analyzed to quantify changes in microbial mat cover and megafaunal density and behavior. In addition, time series data for... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Håkon Mosby Mud Volcano; LOOME; Arctic; Beggiatoa; Deep-sea observatories; Time series; Megafauna. |
| Ano: 2020 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00624/73631/73069.pdf |
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| The benefits and challenges of integrating traditional ecological knowledge and scientific knowledge have led to extensive discussions over the past decades, but much work is still needed to facilitate the articulation and co-application of these two types of knowledge. Through two case studies, we examined the integration of traditional ecological knowledge and scientific knowledge by emphasizing their complementarity across spatial and temporal scales. We expected that combining Inuit traditional ecological knowledge and scientific knowledge would expand the spatial and temporal scales of currently documented knowledge on the arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus) and the greater snow goose (Chen caerulescens atlantica), two important tundra species. Using... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Arctic; Inuit; Protected area; Scale; Chen caerulescens atlantica; Traditional ecological knowledge; Vulpes lagopus; Alopex lagopus; Local ecological knowledge; Scientific knowledge. |
| Ano: 2009 |
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| Escoube, Raphaelle; Rouxel, Olivier; Pokrovsky, Oleg S.; Schroth, Andrew; Holmes, Robert Max; Donard, Olivier F. X.. |
| The input of iron to the Arctic Ocean plays a critical role in the productivity of aquatic ecosystems and is potentially impacted by climate change. We examine Fe isotope systematics of dissolved and colloidal Fe from several Arctic and sub-Arctic rivers in northern Eurasia and Alaska. We demonstrate that the Fe isotopic (δ56Fe) composition of large rivers, such as the Ob’ and Lena, has a restricted range of δ56Fe values ca.–0.11 ± 0.13‰, with minimal seasonal variability, in stark contrast to smaller organic-rich rivers with an overall δ56Fe range from–1.7 to + 1.6‰. The preferential enrichment with heavy Fe isotopes observed in low molecular weight colloidal fraction and during the high-flow period is consistent with the role of organic complexation of... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Iron isotope; Colloids; River; Weathering; Arctic; Iron speciation. |
| Ano: 2015 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00273/38402/36865.pdf |
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| Lafond, Augustin; Leblanc, Karine; Queguiner, Bernard; Moriceau, Brivaela; Leynaert, Aude; Cornet, Veronique; Legras, Justine; Ras, Josephine; Parenteau, Marie; Garcia, Nicole; Babin, Marcel; Tremblay, Jean-eric. |
| The Arctic Ocean is particularly affected by climate change, with changes in sea ice cover expected to impact phytoplankton primary production. During the Green Edge expedition, the development of the late spring-early summer diatom bloom was studied in relation with the sea ice retreat by multiple transects across the marginal ice zone. Biogenic silica concentrations and uptake rates were measured. In addition, diatom assemblage structures and their associated carbon biomass were determined, along with taxon-specific contributions to total biogenic silica production using the fluorescent dye PDMPO. Results indicate that a diatom bloom developed in open waters close to the ice edge, following the alleviation of light limitation, and extended 20-30 km... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Diatoms; Spring bloom; Sea ice; Community composition; Baffin Bay; Arctic. |
| Ano: 2019 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00615/72752/72021.pdf |
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| Minshull, T. A.; Westbrook, Graham; Weitemeyer, K. A.; Sinha, M. C.; Goswami, B. K.; Marsset, Bruno. |
| Methane hydrate—a solid substance in which methane is trapped within ice‐like crystals—is stable at low temperatures and high pressures and may be destabilized by ocean warming on both geological and human time scales. Methane is a powerful greenhouse gas, and methane released from hydrate provides a potential positive feedback mechanism in global climate change [e.g., Archer and Buffett, 2005]—in theory, the more methane is released by the hydrates, the warmer the climate gets, causing the ocean to warm and release more methane. However, methane escaping from the seabed is oxidized and dissolved in the ocean, and insufficient methane may reach the atmosphere to affect the climate significantly. Its importance for climate change therefore depends on... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Methane hydrate; Svalbard; Sea floor; Seismic; Electromagnetic; Arctic. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00451/56262/57832.pdf |
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| Registros recuperados: 55 | |
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